Files
wetterstation_python/wetterstation.py
2026-01-25 10:53:47 +01:00

263 lines
7.9 KiB
Python

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
Wetterstation - MQTT Datenempfang und Web-Visualisierung
"""
import sqlite3
import json
import threading
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from flask import Flask, render_template, jsonify
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
# Konfiguration
MQTT_HOST = "rexfue.de"
MQTT_PORT = 1883
MQTT_TOPIC = "vantage/live" # Bitte anpassen!
MQTT_USER = "stzuhr" # Bitte anpassen!
MQTT_PASSWORD = "74chQCYb" # Bitte anpassen!
DB_FILE = "wetterdaten.db"
app = Flask(__name__)
class WetterDB:
"""Klasse für Datenbankoperationen"""
def __init__(self, db_file):
self.db_file = db_file
self.init_db()
def init_db(self):
"""Datenbank initialisieren"""
conn = sqlite3.connect(self.db_file)
cursor = conn.cursor()
cursor.execute('''
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS wetterdaten (
id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
datetime TEXT NOT NULL,
pressure REAL,
wind_gust REAL,
wind_speed REAL,
wind_dir REAL,
rain_rate REAL,
rain REAL,
humidity INTEGER,
temperature REAL
)
''')
cursor.execute('''
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_datetime ON wetterdaten(datetime)
''')
conn.commit()
conn.close()
def save_data(self, data):
"""Wetterdaten speichern"""
conn = sqlite3.connect(self.db_file)
cursor = conn.cursor()
cursor.execute('''
INSERT INTO wetterdaten
(datetime, pressure, wind_gust, wind_speed, wind_dir,
rain_rate, rain, humidity, temperature)
VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
''', (
data['datetime'],
data.get('pressure'),
data.get('wind_gust'),
data.get('wind_speed'),
data.get('wind_dir'),
data.get('rain_rate'),
data.get('rain'),
data.get('humidity'),
data.get('temperature')
))
conn.commit()
conn.close()
print(f"Daten gespeichert: {data['datetime']}")
def get_data(self, hours=24):
"""Daten der letzten X Stunden abrufen"""
conn = sqlite3.connect(self.db_file)
conn.row_factory = sqlite3.Row
cursor = conn.cursor()
time_threshold = (datetime.now() - timedelta(hours=hours)).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
cursor.execute('''
SELECT * FROM wetterdaten
WHERE datetime >= ?
ORDER BY datetime ASC
''', (time_threshold,))
rows = cursor.fetchall()
conn.close()
return [dict(row) for row in rows]
def get_hourly_rain(self, hours=24):
"""Regenmenge pro Stunde berechnen"""
conn = sqlite3.connect(self.db_file)
cursor = conn.cursor()
time_threshold = (datetime.now() - timedelta(hours=hours)).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
cursor.execute('''
SELECT
strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:00:00', datetime) as hour,
SUM(rain_rate) as total_rain
FROM wetterdaten
WHERE datetime >= ?
GROUP BY hour
ORDER BY hour ASC
''', (time_threshold,))
rows = cursor.fetchall()
conn.close()
return [{'hour': row[0], 'rain': row[1] or 0} for row in rows]
# Globale Datenbankinstanz
db = WetterDB(DB_FILE)
class MQTTClient:
"""MQTT Client für Datenempfang"""
def __init__(self):
self.client = mqtt.Client()
self.client.username_pw_set(MQTT_USER, MQTT_PASSWORD)
# Stabilere Verbindungen bei Abbrüchen
try:
self.client.reconnect_delay_set(min_delay=1, max_delay=120)
except Exception:
pass
# Optionale Protokollierung (hilfreich beim Debuggen)
try:
self.client.enable_logger()
except Exception:
pass
self.client.on_connect = self.on_connect
self.client.on_message = self.on_message
@staticmethod
def _sanitize_data(payload: dict) -> dict:
"""Payload robust in erwartetes Format wandeln.
- Fehlende `datetime` wird mit aktueller Zeit ergänzt
- Felder in richtige Typen konvertieren
"""
def to_float(x):
try:
return float(x) if x is not None else None
except Exception:
return None
def to_int(x):
try:
return int(x) if x is not None else None
except Exception:
return None
# Zeitstempel: wenn vorhanden, in akzeptables Format bringen, sonst jetzt
dt = payload.get('datetime')
if isinstance(dt, (int, float)):
# Epoch -> ISO
dt = datetime.fromtimestamp(dt).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
elif isinstance(dt, str):
# Versuchen, ISO-Varianten in 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS' zu überführen
# Entferne ggf. 'T' oder 'Z'
dt_clean = dt.replace('T', ' ').replace('Z', '').strip()
# Falls Millisekunden enthalten, abschneiden
if '.' in dt_clean:
dt_clean = dt_clean.split('.')[0]
# Bei zu kurzem String: fallback auf jetzt
if len(dt_clean) < 16:
dt = datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
else:
dt = dt_clean
else:
dt = datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
return {
'datetime': dt,
'pressure': to_float(payload.get('pressure')),
'wind_gust': to_float(payload.get('wind_gust')),
'wind_speed': to_float(payload.get('wind_speed')),
'wind_dir': to_float(payload.get('wind_dir')),
'rain_rate': to_float(payload.get('rain_rate')),
'rain': to_float(payload.get('rain')),
'humidity': to_int(payload.get('humidity')),
'temperature': to_float(payload.get('temperature')),
}
def on_connect(self, client, userdata, flags, rc):
"""Callback bei Verbindung"""
if rc == 0:
print(f"Mit MQTT Broker verbunden: {MQTT_HOST}")
client.subscribe(MQTT_TOPIC)
print(f"Topic abonniert: {MQTT_TOPIC}")
else:
print(f"Verbindungsfehler: {rc}")
def on_message(self, client, userdata, msg):
"""Callback bei empfangener Nachricht"""
try:
raw = json.loads(msg.payload.decode())
data = self._sanitize_data(raw)
print(f"Empfangen und gespeichert: {data}")
db.save_data(data)
except Exception as e:
print(f"Fehler beim Verarbeiten der Nachricht: {e}")
def start(self):
"""MQTT Client starten"""
try:
self.client.connect(MQTT_HOST, MQTT_PORT, 60)
self.client.loop_start()
print("MQTT Client gestartet")
except Exception as e:
print(f"MQTT Verbindungsfehler: {e}")
# Flask Routes
@app.route('/')
def index():
"""Hauptseite"""
return render_template('index.html')
@app.route('/api/data/<period>')
def get_data(period):
"""API Endpoint für Wetterdaten"""
hours = 24 if period == 'day' else 168 # 168h = 1 Woche
data = db.get_data(hours)
rain_data = db.get_hourly_rain(hours)
return jsonify({
'data': data,
'rain_hourly': rain_data
})
def main():
"""Hauptprogramm"""
print("Wetterstation wird gestartet...")
# MQTT Client starten
mqtt_client = MQTTClient()
mqtt_client.start()
# Flask Server starten
print("\nWeb-Interface verfügbar unter: http://localhost:5003")
print("Drücke CTRL+C zum Beenden\n")
app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=5003, debug=False)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()